Abstract
Excavation methods depend on the rock conditions, location, etc. This paper investigated the penetration of an excavator blade into soil. Finite element modelling using the ABAQUS software and analytical methods were used to predict the horizontal forces due to blade movement with varying soil parameters such as friction angle, cohesion coefficient, and angle between soil and blade. The results obtained from the numerical and analytical models compare favourably with each other in the prediction of soil cutting resistance. The depth of soil, internal friction angle and cohesion coefficient were found to be directly related to the cutting resistance of soil.
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