Abstract
Kalanchoe pinnata formerly known as Bryophyllum pinnatum , is a herbaceous species native to tropical regions such as Africa. In Brazil, it was successfully introduced and propagated, being commonly used in communities far from large capitals. The juice of the leaves is usually used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, gastric ulcers, burns, diarrhea , vomiting, insect bites and body aches. In the literature, compounds such as anthocyanins and flavonoids are reported that have different biological activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, antitumor, antiparasitic, antiallergic and hepatoprotective . Based on this information and considering that there are few studies on the chemical compounds of K. pinnata in Amazonas , especially in regions farther from the capital, such as in the municipality of Tabatinga. The present work aimed to determine the chemical profile of the fractions of the crude extract of K. pinnata native to the municipality of Tabatinga - AM. For this, plant material was collected from a local producer in the municipality of Tabatinga. Then the leaves were subjected to an extraction by infusion. Soon after, the crude extract obtained was fractionated with hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate. The resulting fractions were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) at wavelength λ=254 nm and, using the information available in the literature, it was possible to establish a relationship between the compound quercetin 3- O -α-L- arabinopyranosyl - (1→2)-α-L- rhamnopyranoside , as responsible for the chromatographic peaks observed in the hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate fractions. Thus, the present study will serve as a basis for future work on the characterization of chemical compounds present in K. pinnata from the municipality of Tabatinga.
Highlights
In the midst of this immense biodiversity, the Amazon has an unexplored potential when it comes to the study of medicinal plants, especially in regions further away from the capital
It is worth mentioning that K. pinnata was formerly known as Bryophyllum pinnatum and popularly as saião, leaf-dafortuna, courama, coirama, leaf-of-coast, leaf-of-pirarucu, pirarucu, roda-da-fortuna, leaf thick (Almeida, Silva, et al, 2000; Smith, 2004)
3.1 Yield of fractions obtained from K. pinnata extract After obtaining the crude extract, the yield obtained was 19.15 g, approximately 7.36% of the dry plant material
Summary
The so-called Brazilian Amazon encompasses the states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Mato Grosso, Pará, Roraima, Rondônia and Tocantins. It is worth mentioning that K. pinnata was formerly known as Bryophyllum pinnatum and popularly as saião, leaf-dafortuna, courama, coirama, leaf-of-coast, leaf-of-pirarucu, pirarucu, roda-da-fortuna, leaf thick (Almeida, Silva, et al, 2000; Smith, 2004). It is a perennial herbaceous organism, with little branching that can reach up to 1.5 m in height with the presence of simple, alternate, opposite, succulent, oval leaves with a crenate margin with a maximum length of 20 cm. Because it is easy to propagate, this plant can be found in the State of Amazonas and its leaves are widely used in inland cities, such as Tabatinga, for the treatment of topical wounds, stomach pain, fever remedy and as a vermifuge (Lisboa et al, 2006; Pedroza, et al, 2017)
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