Abstract
Objective: Prasman (Ayapana triplinervis [Vahl]) is a plant that can eliminate free radicals through its antioxidant effects. However, little research hasbeen conducted to explore the antioxidant activity of the plant.Methods: A. triplinervis (Vahl) leaves, which were determined by the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Bogor, were used in this study. Meanwhile,extraction was performed using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol as the solvents. Based on the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay usinga UV–visible spectrophotometer and based on ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay using a microplate reader.Results: Based on the DPPH assay using a UV–visible spectrophotometer, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts with a final concentrationof 25 μg/mL inhibited DPPH radical production by 38.91, 51.03, and 54.06%, respectively. Using the percent inhibition, the IC50 for the ethyl acetateand methanol extracts were 28.71 and 23.472 μg/mL, respectively. Based on FRAP assay using a microplate reader, the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, andmethanol extracts had ferrous equivalent antioxidant capacity values of 460, 828.99, and 940.22 μmol/g, respectively. The methanol extract had thegreatest antioxidant activity. The ethyl acetate and methanol extracts at the initial concentrations contained total phenol levels of 12.06 and 42.11 mgGAE/g extract, respectively, as well as total flavonoid levels of 3.24 and 3.41 mg QE/g extract, respectively.Conclusion: Based on the determination of phenol and flavonoid levels, the methanol extract had the greatest antioxidant effects.
Highlights
Free radicals can be produced in response to unhealthy lifestyle habits such as fast food consumption and cigarette smoking [1]
The negative effects of free radicals on body tissues can be overcome by providing antioxidants [2]
Other materials used in this study included DPPH (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany), 2,4,6-tripyridyl-s-triazine (TPTZ) (Sigma-Aldrich, USA), and the technical solvents n-hexane (Brataco, Indonesia), ethyl acetate (Brataco), and methanol (Brataco) which had been distilled
Summary
Free radicals can be produced in response to unhealthy lifestyle habits such as fast food consumption and cigarette smoking [1]. Free radicals are atoms or molecules that are not stable due to the presence of one or more unpaired electrons. Free radicals tend to bind to atoms from other molecules, leading to the development of abnormal compounds and a chain reaction in the body. The negative effects of free radicals on body tissues can be overcome by providing antioxidants [2]. Free radicals can injure and damage cells or tissues and stimulate inflammation, which will result in organ damage if left uncorrected [3]. Antioxidants can eliminate free radicals in the body to prevent illness. Natural antioxidants contained in foods include Vitamins A, C, and E. Other sources of antioxidants are phenolic compounds present in vegetables, fruits, and spices [4]
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