Abstract
The objective of this study is to analyze and compare tannins of three common Acacia species of Sudan, since vegetable tannins are important in leather industry. Acacia nilotica and Acacia seyal samples were collected from Sunt Forest in Khartoum State, while Acacia senegal samples were collected from the Debabat Forest in South Kordofan State. Bark samples from bulk collections of the three Acacia species were extracted with boiled deionized water. The amount of tannins present in these bulk samples was determined by Folin-Denis method for total phenolic materials, followed by precipitation with hide-powder. The difference between the amount of phenolic materials present before and after addition of hide-powder represents the amount of tannins present. The percentage of tannins in the leaves, bark, and mature and immature fruits of collections of individuals of Acacia species was estimated; mature and immature fruits of Acacia nilotica contain tannins (22.15% and 22.10%, resp.). The leaves of Acacia nilotica and Acacia seyal contain tannins (11.80% and 6.30%, resp.). The barks of Acacia seyal, Acacia nilotica, and Acacia senegal contain tannins (12.15%, 10.47%, and 3.49%, resp.).
Highlights
Tannins are amorphous, astringent substances occurring widely in the bark, wood, leaves, and resinous exudations of plants [1, 2]
Acacia nilotica and Acacia seyal samples were collected from Sunt Forest in Khartoum State, while Acacia senegal samples were collected from the Debabat Forest in South Kordofan State
Vegetable tannins consumption in Sudan varies between 350 and 400 tons per year, and a large proportion is locally produced as the Acacia species is more distributed in Sudan
Summary
Astringent substances occurring widely in the bark, wood, leaves, and resinous exudations of plants [1, 2]. They are water-soluble phenolic compounds which occur widely in vascular plants [3]. Astringency and tanning properties are associated with the higher molecular weight proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins) [11]. The use of vegetable tannins to tan hides and produce leather predates written history. Vegetable tannins consumption in Sudan varies between 350 and 400 tons per year, and a large proportion is locally produced as the Acacia species is more distributed in Sudan (data were obtained from the National Centre for Leather Technology and Khartoum Tannery).
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