Abstract
The primary aim of utilizing biodiesel is to reduce dependency on fossil fuels, decrease harmful emissions, and promote the use of renewable energy sources. Studies on biodiesel commonly revolve around singular biodiesel-petroleum diesel blends. Binary biodiesel is generally obtained by mixing different types of biodiesel or blending these mixtures with petroleum diesel. The combination of these diverse feedstocks with distinct properties can offer varying characteristics and benefits. Many studies regarding liquid biofuels primarily focus on blends of singular biodiesel with diesel. Raw materials constitute a substantial portion of the cost in biodiesel production. Hence, efforts have been made to favor non-edible and waste products as raw materials. Additionally, products that are suitable for cultivation in Turkey and easy to obtain as raw materials, supporting domestic biofuel production, have been chosen. Biodiesels obtained from waste pumpkin seeds and linseed oils through the transesterification method were blended at volumetric ratios of 1:1 and 1:3 to obtain binary biodiesel fuels (C50P50, C25P75, and C75P25). The binary biodiesel-diesel blend fuels were achieved by blending different volume ratios of binary biodiesel fuels (C25P25D50 and C10P10D80) with traditional petroleum diesel after their preparation. Subsequent analyses focused on determining the physicochemical properties (density, kinematic viscosity, flash point, water content, calorific value, cold filter plugging point, and copper strip corrosion) of the prepared binary biodiesel and binary biodiesel-diesel blend fuels. Compliance with biodiesel standards (EN 14214, ASTM D-6751) was observed for all fuels, and the results were compared with the reference fuel, diesel (petroleum). According to the analysis results, all the tested fuels met the standards, with the C10P10D80 blend fuel displaying the closest resemblance to diesel.
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