Determination of Soil Separates with near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

Abstract

The use of near infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy to evaluate soil properties has started to receive more attention in recent years. The technology is evolving and research on NIR spectroscopic analysis using natural state samples is increasing. There is no method available today, besides NIR spectroscopy, that could simultaneously evaluate physical and chemical properties of a soil sample without processing the sample and affecting the visual quality of the site. More samples can be scanned in their natural undisturbed form resulting in a variety of particle sizes. Research on the effect of scanning products with different particle sizes is essential. The differences in the particle size of the soil separates may lower the prediction accuracy of NIR spectroscopy. In this study, we evaluated the ability of NIR spectroscopy to predict soil separates from artificial soil samples. Feldspar and silica sands and silts, kaolinite and montmorillonite clays, and reed sedge and Canadian sphagnum peat moss organic matters were used as separates. They were scanned alone, and in different mixture percentages, from 400 to 2500 nm with a total of 116 samples. The absence of linearity in the binary mixtures, preventing accurate calibration, was noticed and required the development of a transformation model to generate new laboratory values from a laboratory weight scaling factor generated for each soil separate. The adjustment of the laboratory values improved the prediction accuracy of the mixtures. The coefficient of determination ranged from 0.95 to 0.99. The standard error of cross-validation ranged from 2.09 to 5.82%.