Determination of Scandium in mafic and ultramafic rocks of ophiolites from Luk Ulo Complex, Karangsambung, Central Java, Indonesia

Nugroho Imam Setiawan,Kardo Polarman Rajoki Silitonga,Fahmi Adiyatma Makkaratte,Chusni Ansori,E Haryono,F Lavigne,A Cardenas Tristan,R Fitria Putri,B White,D Rahmawati Hizbaron,R Che Omar

doi:10.1051/e3sconf/202020006003

Abstract

Scandium (Sc) is important element for its utilization in modern industry. Initial Sc content in the parent rocks primary importance controlling the Sc concentrations in its weathered derivatives. This contribution examines the Sc concentrations in parent rocks of mafic and ultramafic rocks related to the ophiolite series in Luk Ulo Complex, Karangsambung, Central Java, Indonesia. The ophiolite series in this area are basalt, microgabbronorite, gabbronorite, websterite, and serpentinite from 5 locations of Medana, Lokidang, Parakansubah, Selogiri, and Pucangan areas. The general trend from the distribution of Sc in the ophiolite sequence of Medana and Parakansubah-Lokidang Rivers suggests the Sc contents increase from shallow to deeper levels of the sequence. The lowest concentrations of Sc in the ophiolite sequence of Medana and Parakansubah-Lokidang Rivers are in basalt, which are 24–29 ppm. In the middle sequence, the Sc concentrations are 27–34 ppm and 24–43 ppm, respectively in microgabbronorite and gabbronorite. The highest Sc concentrations are in websterite, which are 51–54 ppm, as the deepest sequence of the ophiolite in this area. Meanwhile, Sc contents in serpentinite from Selogiri and Pucangan areas are 5–11 ppm, which are considered the lowest Sc contents. It suggests that the pre-serpentinization mineral composition rather than the process of serpentinization determine the elemental abundance of Sc in serpentinite. The results are used to be an analog for Sc identification in the ophiolite belts in central Indonesia. This also considering that Luk Ulo Complex been established as National Geopark of Karangsambung-Karangbolong, so that mining activities are prohibited in this area.

Highlights

Scandium (Sc) is the 21st element and part of the Group 3 metals in the periodic table
Fieldwork was done in the Luk Ulo Complex to collect rock samples of mafic and ultramafic rocks related to the ophiolite series from 5 different locations
Contrasting to the Medana River, ultramafic rocks were identified in this area as tectonic blocks surrounded by serpentinite (Fig. 3d)

Summary

Introduction

Scandium (Sc) is the 21st element and part of the Group 3 metals in the periodic table. Sc can be classified into the rare earth elements (REE). REEs and yttrium are designated jointly as REY. The REY has several remarkable applications for the modern industry e.g. wind power generators, electric vehicles, and light-emitting diodes [1]. There are significant growths for REY in the global demand forecasting in future. In leading-edge technologies of the energy and environmental fields, Sc has increase number of attention for its application. Sc-reinforced aluminum alloy that light, strong, and thermally resistant are used to make lightweight automobiles, high quality sports equipment, and aerospace industry [2]

Methods

Results

Conclusion