Abstract
Background/Aims: Mental illnesses produce some of the most health problems faced by society. Scientists have long known that these mental illnesses arise from combinations of genes and environmental factors. Now the role of the environment in the etiology of mental illness has become more clear. The antipsychotic drugs are commonly used for the treatment of schizophrenia and anxiety disorders. Although hair analysis has become a test widely used to detect the use/abuse of many toxic and therapeutic substances, very few data are available regarding hair testing for antipsychotic drugs. The risperidone (RSP) is one of the less investigated substances. The possibility to identify and quantify antipsychotic drugs in human hair could be an interesting epidemiological, clinical and forensic tool in therapeutic drug monitoring. The aim of the present pilot study was to develop and validate a method for the quantitative determination of RSP in blood and hair samples by LC-ESI-MS-MS. Methods: study was carried out on blood and hair samples collected from psychiatric patients treated with risperidone. Each patient gave informed consent. Hair samples were washed, decontaminated, pulverized, incubated in 1 ml of HCl 0.1N and extracted with chloroform:isopropanol (80:20; v/v) at pH 7, pH 9 and pH 11. Blood specimens were extracted with 1-chlorobutane after alkalinization with sodium borate (pH to 12). Bupivacaine was used as internal standard. Hair and blood extracts were analyzed by LC-ESI-MS-MSTQD using Varian 320MS. Validation experiments (specificity, interferences, interday and intraday precision and accuracy, LOD, extraction yield, interferences and ion suppression) were performed. Results: Our preliminary results showed that this method allows to detect and quantify risperidone in hair and blood of the patients chronically treated with doses ranging from 1 to 8 mg/daily. Conclusion: Hair testing can be used in monitoring of chronic antipsychotics intake; however, further studies are required to improve its epidemiological applications
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