Abstract
Hadron scattering is shown to be sensitive to the relative sign of neutron and proton transition matrix elements. The relative signs for the ${2}_{2}^{+}$ states are determined to be positive for $^{26}\mathrm{Mg}$, $^{30}\mathrm{Si}$, and $^{42}\mathrm{Ca}$, and negative for $^{34}\mathrm{S}$ on the basis of proton differential cross-section measurements at 650 and 800 MeV. Suppression of the one-step amplitude in the $^{34}\mathrm{S}$ ${2}_{2}^{+}$ state causes the interference of one-step and multistep reactions to be experimentally apparent.
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