Abstract
Background and Objectives: Despite the growing number of new research publications, normative references for children’s optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters are still not completed. We chose to explore this topic because of the lack of normative parameters that is due to an improvement in different technologies and instruments. Our aim was to determine referential rates of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and flow deficits (FD%) in the macular choriocapillaris (CC) in normal eyes of ophthalmologically healthy children. Materials and Methods: Ophthalmologically healthy 8- to 14-year-old individuals participated (n = 75) in this study. OCT images were taken using an swept-source-OCT (SS-OCT) instrument (DRI-OCT Triton, Topcon, Tokyo, Japan). The early treatment diabetic retinopathy study (EDTRS) grid (6 × 6 mm) divided the RNFL into the thickness maps. The FD% values of the CC were calculated on the 3 × 3-mm scans in a 1-mm circle (C1), 1.5-mm rim (R1.5), and the entire 2.5-mm circle (C2.5), and on the 6 x 6-mm scans in a 1-mm circle (C1), 1.5-mm rim (R1.5), the entire 2.5-mm circle (C2.5), 2.5-mm rim (R2.5), and 5-mm circle (C5). Results: Both scan quantifications of FD% in the C1, C2.5, and R1.5 sectors were similar, but the 6 × 6-mm scan measurements were statistically significantly smaller than the 3 × 3-mm ones. Significant moderate correlations were found between axial length (AxL) and FD% in the 6 × 6-mm scans, namely C1 (r = −0.347, p = 0.002), C2.5 (r = −0.337, p = 0.003), R1.5 (r = −0.328, p = 0.004), R2.5 (r = −0.306, p = 0.008), and C5 (r = −0.314, p = 0.006). Conclusions: The thinnest RNFL layers were on the temporal and nasal sides. FD% values in the C1, C2.5, and R1.5 sectors were similar between the 3 × 3-mm and 6 × 6-mm scans. The negative moderate correlations between AxL and FD% were found in all C1, C2.5, C5, R1.5, and R2.5 sectors of the 6 × 6-mm scans. Further prospective studies are needed to determine more accurate normative references for children’s OCT parameters.
Highlights
Since the introduction of optical coherence tomography (OCT), numerous advancements in ophthalmology have been achieved
Our results showed that the thinnest retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) were temporal and nasal and the thickest layers were superior and inferior
We observed that flow deficits (FDs)% values in the C1, C2.5, and R1.5 sectors were similar between the 3 × 3-mm and 6 × 6-mm scans
Summary
Since the introduction of optical coherence tomography (OCT), numerous advancements in ophthalmology have been achieved. This method creates cross-sectional imaging of the retina and Medicina 2020, 56, 238; doi:10.3390/medicina56050238 www.mdpi.com/journal/medicina. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a new imaging modality, developed for a three-dimensional vascular mapping of the retinal microvascularization of the fundus [5]. This method precisely detects the motion of blood cells in chorioretinal blood vessels [4,6,7]. Significant moderate correlations were found between axial length (AxL) and FD% in the 6 × 6-mm scans, namely C1
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