Determination of Proximate Composition and Amino Acid Profile of Jackfruit Seed and Utilization of Its Seed Flour for Development of Protein Enriched Supplementary Food

Abstract

The research focused on utilization of jackfruit seed (JFS) flour with higher nutritional worth to develop a protein enriched supplementary food. The nutritional analysis of JFS flour revealed that, it contains39.02%, 16.01%, 0.98%, 3.56%, 1.30%, 42.49% moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, ash and carbohydrate respectively. In JFS flour, amount of potassium (705.71 mg/100gm), calcium (115.85 mg/100gm) and magnesium (96.75 mg/100gm) were in higher quantity than other minerals. Proteins were isolated from JFS flour for its amino acid analysis. Highest Proteins extraction rate (89.94%) was found at pH-10 and isoelectric point for protein precipitation was found at pH-1.63. In the isolated protein the essential amino acids were Lysin (10.30%), Isoleucine (8.61%), Leucine (6.73%), Methionine (4.82%), Threonine (3.90%), Valine (1.73%), Histidine (1.92%), and non-essential amino acids were Aspertic acid (4.40%), Tyrosine (6.67%), Glutamic acid (4.34%), Glycine (4.94%), Arginine (2.44%), Serine (4.46%). In the study a protein supplementary food product, cake, was prepared by blending JFS flour with wheat flour. six sets of cakes were prepared at a ratio of 50(WC), 40:10(WJC1), 30:20(WJC2), 25:25(WJC3), 20:30(WJC4), 15:35(WJC5) by mixing wheat flour and JFS flour respectively. From proximate composition analysis and sensory evaluation of prepared cakes, WJC3 was found to contain a higher amount of protein, 13.50% and greater acceptability. Microbiological analysis showed that in WJC3 the presence of microorganisms (Total Viable Count, Coli form and Yeast &Mould) was within the range for safety indication of bakery products. So, the protein supplementary food using JFS flour is completely safe to eat without using any preservatives.