Determination of precise nitrogen stable isotopic baselines from heterotrophic organism in coastal ocean environments using compound specific isotope analysis of amino acids

Abstract

We sampled mussels (Mytilus edulis) along the coast of the Korean peninsula, and determined their trophic position (TP) using the nitrogen isotope ratio of amino acids (TPglu/phe). The TPglu/phe of mussels (2.0 to 2.5) is higher than TP of herbivores, suggesting that TP normalization is required to remove the trophic enrichment effect on basal nitrogen isotope ratio. We found similar trends in spatial variation between nitrogen isotopic baseline based on nitrogen isotope ratio of bulk tissue (δ15Nbase-bulk) and that of phenylalanine (δ15Nbase-phe) in mussels, reflecting different nitrogen sources among sampling sites. The present study suggests that δ15Nbase-bulk and δ15Nbase-phe are powerful tools to trace nitrogen isotopic baselines from primary consumers as well as higher TP organisms.