Abstract
Alternative drives have an increasing share in the global, European and Polish market. The city authorities support primarily the de-velopment of electromobility. Progress in these issues is also noticeable in Poland. The increasing number of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) requires increasing energy costs of the country. Therefore, it is necessary to increase energy production. This work estimates how large this energy surplus should be. For this purpose, it was necessary to deter-mine the average energy consumption of an electric vehicle in real traffic conditions, and then to calculate the average energy demand for a selected number of vehicles. Obtained results were related to pollutant emission considered in the well-to-wheel perspective (in-cluding generation of electricity). In the article, the authors also referred to the minimum number of charging stations for electric vehicles on the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T) in Poland. This is a necessary condition on which depends the use of BEV vehicles not only on the territory of cities, but also throughout the country.
Highlights
Electric vehicles are not a novelty in the history of motoring
The return to electric vehicles is the result of the increasing emission of harmful exhaust gases and the fight to reduce the impact of transport on greenhouse gas emissions
In the current situation, when in 2017 the energy demand of the country amounted to 170 TWh, the increase in demand for a million electric vehicles would amount to 2.2%
Summary
Electric vehicles are not a novelty in the history of motoring. The first attempts to work on electric vehicles began around 1800. The return to electric vehicles is the result of the increasing emission of harmful exhaust gases and the fight to reduce the impact of transport on greenhouse gas emissions. On the roads of the Middle Kingdom, currently there are 1.23 million electric vehicles (40% of the global fleet EV), in Europe 0.82 million, in the US 0.76 million, while in the rest of the world – 0.3 million. Electric vehicles are being identified as one of the main pillars of the future motorization. Until 2030, they are to account for around 30-35% of all vehicle sales in the world [5]
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