Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the best processing conditions to extract Brazilian green propolis using a supercritical extraction technology. For this purpose, the influence of different parameters was evaluated such as S/F (solvent mass in relation to solute mass), percentage of co-solvent (1 and 2% ethanol), temperature (40 and 50°C) and pressure (250, 350 and 400 bar) using supercritical carbon dioxide. The Global Yield Isotherms (GYIs) were obtained through the evaluation of the yield, and the chemical composition of the extracts was also obtained in relation to the total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, antioxidant activity and 3,5-diprenyl-4-hydroxicinnamic acid (Artepillin C) and acid 4-hydroxycinnamic (p-coumaric acid). The best results were identified at 50°C, 350 bar, 1% ethanol (co-solvent) and S/F of 110. These conditions, a content of 8.93±0.01 and 0.40±0.05 g/100 g of Artepillin C and p-coumaric acid, respectively, were identified indicating the efficiency of the extraction process. Despite of low yield of the process, the extracts obtained had high contents of relevant compounds, proving the viability of the process to obtain green propolis extracts with important biological applications due to the extracts composition.
Highlights
ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the best processing conditions to extract Brazilian green propolis using a supercritical extraction technology
Propolis is a resinous material collected by bees from sprouts and barks of different plants and trees
The green propolis evaluated in this study presented a physical-chemical profile of 7.13±0.12% for humidity, 3.05±0.03% for total ash, 9.98±0.83% for proteins, 45.75±1.71% for lipids and 20.89±1.39% for fibres
Summary
The aim of this study was to determine the best processing conditions to extract Brazilian green propolis using a supercritical extraction technology. Analysing the great relevance given to the SFE technology as an alternative extractive process, and the importance and promising biological effects of the Brazilian green propolis, the aim of this work was to define the best conditions to the process. Since one of the objectives of this study was to define the conditions of the process for a better and greater extraction of the propolis bioactive compounds such as the antioxidant compounds; the global extraction curves for yield in total phenols and antioxidant activity (Fig 4B) were determined
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