Determination of Optimal Toll Levels and Toll Locations of Alternative Congestion Pricing Schemes

Abstract

This paper deals with link-based and cordon-based pricing schemes that involve optimal selection of both toll levels and toll locations simultaneously using the optimization methods with mixed variables. Social welfare maximization with or without inclusion of the implementation cost of toll charge is sought subject to elastic travel demand in general networks. Examples are given to demonstrate the methods proposed for both the link based pricing scheme and the cordon based pricing scheme. The paper provides conclusions based on the analysis of the results.