Determination of non-metallic elements by capacitively coupled helium microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometry with capillary gas chromatography

Abstract

A capacitively coupled microwave helium plasma with a tubular tantalum electrode was evaluated as an element selective detector for gas chromatography (GC). The end of a 10-m bonded fused capillary column was directly inserted into the tubular electrode without any switching system. A heated copper tube was used to house the part of the GC column that protruded from the oven. The optimisation of operating parameters, line selection, background emission and horizontal and vertical observation position is described. Analytical figures of merit including sensitivity, reproducibility, signal to background ratio, selectivity, dynamic range and limit of detection (LOD), were evaluated for carbon, hydrogen, chlorine and bromine emission. Limits of detection in the low ng range (20 pmol) were obtained for halogenated compounds using carbon emission, whereas LODs in the 0.1 micrograms range (2 nmol) were obtained using chlorine or bromine emission lines.