Determination of Morin and Quercetin in Fruit Juice Samples using Air-Assisted Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Based on Solidification of Floating Organic Droplet and HPLC-UV

Armin Fallah,Mohammad Reza Hadjmohammadi

doi:10.17344/acsi.2020.5881

Abstract

In this study, a rapid and efficient method has been used for the extraction and determination of morin and quercetin in fruit juice samples based on air-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic droplet and HPLC-UV. The effects of 7 important parameters on the extraction recovery were examined and were optimized by Plackett-Burman design and Central Composite design. According to the Plackett-Burman design results, ionic strength of the sample solutions, the aspiration/dispersion cycles, and the rate and time of centrifuge did not show significant effects on the extraction of morin and quercetin. The optimized conditions of extraction were as follows; the volume of the extraction solvent of 83.6 µL, pH of 4.34 for the sample, and 1-undecanol as extraction solvent. Under these conditions, the linear calibration curve was in the ranges of 1-1000 ng/mL and 0.5-1000 ng/mL for morin and quercetin, respectively, with the determination coefficient values above 0.99. The limit of detection of morin and quercetin was 0.3 and 0.2 ng/mL, respectively. The extraction recoveries for 10 ng/mL of morin and quercetin were 98.9% and 96.5%, respectively; while, relative standard deviations (n = 3) were lower than 3.2%.

Highlights

Flavonoids are an important group of natural polyphenolic compounds, which are the essential plant metabolites with antioxidant activity.[1]
enrichment factor (EF) is calculated according to the ratio of the final concentrations of analyte in the floating phase (Co) to its initial concentration in an aqueous sample (Caq)
The selection of an appropriate extraction solvent is crucial in the optimization of the AALLME-SFO process

Summary

Introduction

Flavonoids are an important group of natural polyphenolic compounds, which are the essential plant metabolites with antioxidant activity.[1] Morin (MR) and quercetin (QR) are isomeric antioxidant flavonols widely distributed in fruits and vegetables.[2] Studies have shown that MR has numerous pharmacological activities such as coronary artery disease prevention, inhibition of proliferation of tumors, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, as well as free radicals scavenging activity.[3] It has been published that QR has several biological properties in the inhibition of human diseases, such as cancer, ulcer, diabetes, cataract, and allergies.[4] Based on these activities, many investigations have been undertaken to determine QR and MR in recent decades. Several techniques including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC),[5,6,7] thin-layer chromatography (TLC),[8] gas chromatography (GC),[9] micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC),[10] capillary electrophoresis (CE),[11] and electrochemical methods[12] have been employed for the determination of MR and/or QR in various samples

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Conclusion