Determination of Lead Metal Levels in Fresh Cow Milk Samples Using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

Abstract

Fresh milk is a liquid produced by healthy and clean animals, such as cows. The natural content of fresh milk is not reduced or added by other compounds and is only treated with a cooling process without affecting its purity. Fresh milk can be contaminated with lead metal (Pb), because animal feed or water has been contaminated with Pb. If we consume fresh cow's milk in the long term, it can interfere with health. According to SNI 3141.1: 2011, the maximum Pb level allowed in fresh cow's milk is 0.02 µg / mL. It is necessary to test fresh cow's milk, one of which is to determine the Pb level, so that the fresh cow's milk is suitable for consumption. Pb levels were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) based on SNI 01-2896-1998. The Pb content in the fresh cow's milk sample was determined by wet digestion and then analyzed by AAS at 283.3 nm lamda. The results showed that the Pb levels were 0.0570 µg / mL (sample A), 0.1230 µg / mL (sample B) and 0.0380 µg / mL (sample C). From these results it can be seen that the Pb content in the fresh cow milk sample does not meet the requirements based on SNI 3141.1: 2011. Keyword : Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry, fresh cow's milk ,lead metal.
 AbstrakSusu segar adalah suatu cairan yang dihasilkan oleh hewan yang sehat dan bersih, misalnya sapi. Kandungan alami dari susu segar tersebut tidak dikurangi atau ditambah senyawa lain dan hanya mendapat perlakuan proses pendinginan tanpa mempengaruhi kemurniannya. Susu segar dapat tercemar logam timbal (Pb), karena pakan ternak atau airnya yang sudah tercemar Pb. Bila kita mengkonsumsi susu sapi segar dalam jangka panjang, dapat mengganggu kesehatan. Menurut SNI 3141.1:2011, kadar Pb maksimum yang diperbolehkan dalam susu sapi segar sebesar 0,02 µg/mL. Perlunya dilakukan pengujian terhadap susu sapi segar, salah satunya adalah penentuan kadar Pb, agar susu sapi segar tersebut layak untuk dikonsumsi. Kadar Pb ditentukan dengan Spektrofotometer Serapan Atom (SSA) berdasarkan SNI 01-2896-1998. Kadar Pb pada sampel susu sapi segar ditentukan dengan destruksi basah kemudian dianalisis dengan SSA pada lamda 283,3 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar Pb sebesar 0,0570 µg/mL (sampel A), 0,1230 µg/mL (sampel B) dan 0,0380 µg/mL (sampel C). Dari hasil tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa kadar Pb pada sampel susu sapi segar tidak memenuhi syarat berdasarkan SNI 3141.1:2011.