Abstract
Problem statement: The determination of lead in human teeth at concentration levels of μg/ml is proposed using Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (HG-AAS). To do this, 2% (wv) lanthanum chloride solution was employed as matrix modifying reagent to increase sensitivity and remove matrix interferences. Approach: About 100 μL of sample and 100 μL of 3.0% (m/v) NaBH4 are simultaneously injected into carrier streams. The detection of limit of 0.46 μg L-1 for Pb was achieved and the relative standard deviation of 3.0% for 10 μg L-1 lead was obtained. The recovery percentage of the method had been found to be (92.8-100.5%) for known quantities of lead added to teeth sample which were completely recovered. A comparison of the proposed method with standard addition method showed nearly results in the same samples of teeth and results compared with other studies in the world. Results: The method was shown to be satisfactory for determination of traces of lead in teeth samples with excellent accuracy. Teeth analysis reveals that intact teeth contained the highest amounts of lead which provide an evidence that lead may reduce the prevalence of dantal caries. Statistically significant differences (p<0.001) were observed between persons living in city centre and others who living in outskirt for concentrations of lead. Geographical influences are thought to be the main source of variability. No significant difference was shown for lead contents of teeth samples as a function of sex. Conclusion: Statistically significant difference between age groups are seen in the mean value of lead concentrations in human teeth, the concentration of lead increased with age. The differences may be due to the exposure of lead and others factors such as differences in diet and drinking water.
Highlights
Removed from the matrix as a volatile compound and detection limits at the μg/L level or lower for the
Lead is the most possible to include this element in multi-element analysis interesting element, because of its physiological role in schemes involving hydride generation
The teeth were rinsed with published data dealing with a matrix modified hydride distilled demineralized water and any remaining tissues generation atomic absorption spectrometry were removed by scraping with a Teflon spatula
Summary
Removed from the matrix as a volatile compound and detection limits at the μg/L level or lower for the. The teeth were rinsed with published data dealing with a matrix modified hydride distilled demineralized water and any remaining tissues generation atomic absorption spectrometry were removed by scraping with a Teflon spatula. Add 8 mL of each addition standard to different 2-mL aliquots of sample solution in 10 mL graduated flask to give “added” lead concentrations of 0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2 and 1.6 ppm of lead. For both methods: A 100 μL volume of the treated sample solution was placed in the reaction vessel and 100 μL of 3% w/v NaBH4 solution were added. Preparation of samples: Intact, mottles and carious human teeth were collected from different area in
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