Abstract
Nozzle blocking was eliminated by calcium-treated liquid steel through changing the chemical and phase composition of alumina inclusions in aluminium-killed steel. Three different methods were applied to determine the composition of inclusions in liquid steel: total oxygen content samples, sampling spoon samples, and “lollipop” steel samples. The results show that calcium modification of liquid steel influences the inclusion composition varying from 2wt% to 14wt% depending on the method used. The composition of inclusions contains mainly Al2O3-CaO only, or is associated with SiO2 or MgO depending on the initial input. The methods used in this study are indicators of the inclusion composition but can be improved to quantify the inclusion size.
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