Determination of imatinib as anticancer drug in serum and urine samples by electrochemical technique using a chitosan/graphene oxide modified electrode

Abstract

The purpose of this work was to construct an electrochemical sensor for the detection of imatinib. It was based on a modified glassy carbon electrode (chitosan/rGO/GCE) that was a reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite. By employing a straightforward drop-casting technique, the rGO/chitosan composite was applied to the GCE surface. The XRD, FT-IR, and FE-SEM structural studies verified that graphene oxide was successfully reduced and that the rGO/chitosan nanocomposite was formed. The synergistic effect of rGO and chitosan boosted electron transfer kinetics and facilitated the oxidation reaction of imatinib on the electrode surface, according to electrochemical experiments, which indicated the chitosan/rGO/GCE's sensitive, selective, and stable response to imatinib. The findings showed sensitivity of 0.16502 μA/μM, detection limit value of 7.3 nM, and a wide and stable linear range of 1–300 µM. Differential pulse voltammetry measurements were performed on prepared human serum and urine samples to evaluate the applicability of chitosan/rGO/GCE for imatinib detection in real samples. For the prepared genuine samples, the chitosan/rGO/GCE showed good recoveries ranging from 95.00% to 99.20% with a relative standard deviation of 3.10–4.49%. These findings showed that imatinib in a variety of genuine samples may be accurately analyzed using the chitosan/rGO/GCE.