Abstract
<p>The present investigation was aimed to determine the general combining ability of the parental lines and specific combining ability of the hybrids respectively and also heterotic effect of F<sub>1</sub> hybrids for some agro-economical traits in upland cotton. Five parent genotypes viz. NIAB-78, Chandi-95, Haridost, CRIS-134 and Shahbaz were used to generate ten F<sub>1</sub> hybrids through diallel mating design. The seeds of F<sub>1</sub> hybrids along with their parents were sown in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in three replications during 2009-10. All the traits showed highly significant variation and GCA and SCA variances were also significant for all the parameters studied. Among the parents, NIAB-78, Haridost and CRIS-134 were best general combiners for plant height, sympodial branches per plant, bolls per plant, boll weight, seed cotton yield per plant, GOT% and seed index. Cross NIAB-78×Chandi-95 was best specific combiner for plant height and bolls per plant and CRIS-134×Haridost for sympodial branches per plant. However, the hybrid Chandi-95×CRIS-134 proved best specific combiner for seed cotton yield per plant and GOT%, while NIAB-78×CRIS-134 gave maximum SCA effects for seed index.</p>
Highlights
Cotton cultivation in the Old World began from India, where cotton has been grown for more than 6000 years, since Pre-Harappan period
Cotton from the Harappan civilization was exported to Mesopotamia during the 3rd millennium BC and it was soon known to the Egyptians as well
The output of cotton from Pakistan in 2009-10 was more than 12.5 million bales, compared with 11.8 million bales recorded in the previous year
Summary
Cotton cultivation in the Old World began from India, where cotton has been grown for more than 6000 years, since Pre-Harappan period. Cotton from the Harappan civilization was exported to Mesopotamia during the 3rd millennium BC and it was soon known to the Egyptians as well. Cotton is being grown in Pakistan on an area of 2.82 million hectares with annual production of 11.8 million bales and average yield of 713 kg/ha. Sindh shares 0.56 million hectares with 2.97 million bales and average yield of 902 kg/ha The area under cotton during 2008-09 has decreased by 7.6 in Sindh and 7.7% in Pakistan as a whole as compared to 2007-08. The output of cotton from Pakistan in 2009-10 was more than 12.5 million bales, compared with 11.8 million bales recorded in the previous year. Pakistan is the world’s fourth biggest cotton producer but often has to import supplies to meet the demand of its textile sector, which accounts for about 60 percent of total exports
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