Abstract
AbstractThere are many diseases in potatoes that cause loss of quality and yield in the world. One of them is the Rhizoctonia stem canker and black scurf of potato caused by Rhizoctonia solani (telemorph: Thanetephorus cucumeris). Disease resistant plants can be generated by irradiated application. By irradiating the plant explants, some radicals and biochemical compounds can be generated in cells. In this study, in-vitro cultured expiants from potato cv. Alonso were irradiated with gamma rays with five different doses (22, 33, 54, 57 and 109 Gy). After four sub-cultures in MS media, irradiated plants were inoculated with Rhizoctonia solani and potato plants were cultured at 24 ± 1°C in climate room conditions. The survival rates of the plants were determined after 15 days. Some parameters such as plant size, leaf number and number of plant nodes were recorded and compared with control groups. The highest survival rate of the plants (42%) was determined at 22 Gy and 109 Gy doses (42%) and the lowest survival rate of plants (20%) was determined in the positive control group (P<0.05). The highest number of plant nodes and number of leafs were determined at 54 Gy doses and maximum plant size was determined at 109 Gy doses.
Highlights
The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) belongs the family of Solanaceae and its origin is South America
The main purposes of this study were to determine the effect of gamma rays on potato cultivars and to obtain new potato genotypes with enhanced resistance to R.solani
The study exhibited that the Alanso cultivars were highly susceptible to R.solani and severe symptoms were produced on the plants except 22 Gy and 109 Gy
Summary
The potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) belongs the family of Solanaceae and its origin is South America. There are many diseases in potatoes that cause loss of quality and yield in the world. Rhizoctonia solani generally has two types of infection They are black scurf and stem canker. Rhizoctonia solani is common in the Central and Eastern Anatolian potato production areas in Turkey [6, 7]. Rhizoctonia solani is soil borne and seed pathogen and causes yield losses in the range of 5-34% [8,9,10]. If radiation is used at the appropriate dose and time, positive changes in yield, resistance, quality, earliness and adaptability of plants can be achieved [12,13,14]. The efficacy of gamma-ray applications against Rhizoctonia solani in potatoes was investigated
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