Abstract
A promising technique based on the luminescence with long wavelength excitation and short wavelength emission (LExL, λex-L > λem) is developed. This LExL is different from traditional upconversion luminescence (UCL). The LExL, namely, special “UCL”, is realized by a xenon light source of a common spectrofluorometer. In this work, we found that dopamine (DA) has this LExL phenomenon. The LExL of DA is mainly caused by the excitations of second-order diffraction light (λex-L/2). The two-photon absorption properties of DA have been calculated employing the density functional response theory. The LExL and Stokes luminescence (SL, λex-S < λem) of DA both showed static quenching upon the addition of Fe3+. Dual-mode luminescence methods upon LExL (λex-L/λem at 565/317 nm) and SL (λex-S/λem at 282/317 nm) of DA were applied for the selective determination of Fe3+. The detection limits are 0.30 and 0.52 μmol L–1 for LExL and SL, respectively. In addition, their linear ranges for Fe3+ determination are both from 0.70 to 30 μmol L–1. The LExL method of DA not only meets the basic determination criteria for Fe3+ but also offers additional advantages in resisting more interferences and shows satisfactory feasibility performances.
Highlights
Iron, an important trace element in human body, is indispensable on the cell metabolism, enzyme catalysis, and cytotoxicity.[1]
Some research results have showed that the interaction between iron ions and DA/DA-derived neuromelanins highly connect with neurodegenerative diseases.[3−5] the interaction of Fe3+ with DA and the precise determination of Fe3+ is of crucial important.[6−8] Heretofore, many polydopamine (PDA)- and DA-functionalized materials were as excellent sensors for detection of Fe3+
The LExL of DA is mainly caused by the excitations of second-order diffraction light
Summary
An important trace element in human body, is indispensable on the cell metabolism, enzyme catalysis, and cytotoxicity.[1]. Dopamine (DA, 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) is closely related to the normal operation of cardiovascular and hormonal systems in mammalian animals.[2] Some research results have showed that the interaction between iron ions and DA/DA-derived neuromelanins highly connect with neurodegenerative diseases.[3−5] the interaction of Fe3+ with DA and the precise determination of Fe3+ is of crucial important.[6−8] Heretofore, many polydopamine (PDA)- and DA-functionalized materials were as excellent sensors for detection of Fe3+.9,10. These PDA−DA-functionalized materials undergo complicated and time-consuming modifying processes. The LExL method shows better linear correlation, test stability, and the lower detection limit
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