Determination of Endocrine Disruptor Bisphenol-A Leakage from Different Matrices of Dental Resin-based Composite Materials

Abstract

Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) derivatives monomers as resins are common components in dental restorative materials and materials used for orthodontic treatment. However, they are a source for BP-A leakage, which can affect adult and child health as an endocrine disruptor. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the level of BPA leakage from four selected weights (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 mg) of five different resin combinations used in dental restorative materials. Method: The resin combinations were cured with light for 20 seconds, kept in 1 mL of acetonitrile, and sonicated for 30 minutes. Separation was achieved by using BEH C18 (1.7 μm, 2.1 x 100 mm) analytical column (Waters® Acquity UPLC) and a mobile phase composed of water and acetonitrile (68:32 v/v). Moreover, Waters® Xevo G2-SQToF coupled with Waters® Acquity UPLC system with binary Solvent Manager (I-Class) via electrospray ionization (ESI) interface was used to confirm peaks identities. Results: BPA was detected in all resin combinations and in all selected sample weights. However, BPA was below the limit of quantification (LOQ) in all selected weights of the Filtek Z350 XT Universal Restorative System. The results show that BPA is still released from selected dental resin combinations available in the market despite the general concern about its potential adverse effects. Conclusion: Nevertheless, the amounts of BPA were within the acceptable levels indicated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services National Toxicology Program and represent a very small contribution to the total BPA exposure. The use of alternative materials such as high-viscosity glass ionomers, inorganic biomaterials, and ceramic would be ideal and healthier for adults and children.