Abstract
Factors affecting the elution of elemental sulfur beyond the total permeation limit of a size-exclusion chromatographic (SEC) column are investigated. The pore diameter of the column packing is found to be the most important parameter, and optimum results are achieved from a single 10 3 Å pore polystyrene-divinylbenzene column with tetrahydrofuran as solvent. It is shown that both the column temperature and solvent flow-rate have little or no influence on the resolution of sulfur from other sample components. The apparent anomalous elution behavior of sulfur is validated by two independent approaches, and is addressed in terms of electronic interactions between sulfur and the phenyl ring of the polystyrene-divinylbenzene packing. The solubilities of sulfur in typical alkylate, naphtha and reformate samples at room temperature have been determined by the SEC method. The amounts of sulfur in typical hydrotreated cracked naphtha and gas oil samples from pilot unit runs have also been measured. These results are discussed in relation to relative solubilities of sulfur in compounds belonging to different hydrocarbon classes. Specifically, the solubility of sulfur is found to decrease with hydrocarbon type in the order, aromatics>naphthenes>olefins> n-alkanes>isoalkanes.
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