Abstract
The ability of power system to survive the transition from preloading state to the gradual increase in load and thereafter reach an acceptable operational condition is an indication of transient stability of the system. The study analyzed load shedding scheme through the use of empirical measurement tools and load-flow simulation techniques. It was geared towards determining effective load shedding strategies to reduce unnecessary overload in order to achieve dynamic stability of the electric power network in the Export Free Trade Zone, Calabar, Nigeria. From the tests and the measurements taken, it was observed that the real and reactive powers from the generator and the mechanical power from the turbine engine were stable when the load shedding controller was switched on, as compared to when it was off. The engine speed, the bus-bar frequency and the output voltage of the generator stabilized within a shorter time (about 8 seconds) when the controller was switched on than when it was on the off condition. Also, there were noticeable fluctuations in the speed of the remaining two generators. It became stable at about 12 seconds after the loss. The variations were 0.3 per cent of the nominal speed value. The excitation voltage fluctuated from 1.2 (pu) to 4.5 (pu) when the bus voltage dipped as a result of additional load. It then came down and stabilized at 1.8 (pu) after few swings. This confirmed that the stability of power system is much enhanced when load shedding controllers are effectively configured on the network.
Highlights
MethodsMethod of Detection and Response ofOverloadThis method requires frequency, voltage or supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) monitoring
The engine speed, the bus-bar frequency and the output voltage of the generator stabilized within a shorter time when the controller was switched on than when it was on the off condition
The results of the simulation carried out are the curves of the power, voltage, current bus frequency, turbine generator speed, electrical and mechanical torque against time
Summary
Method of Detection and Response ofOverloadThis method requires frequency, voltage or supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) monitoring. Automated load shedding systems are necessary for industrial power systems since sudden disturbances can plunge the system into a hazardous state much faster than an operator can react. 1) Load shedding upon generator loss: When there is loss of one or more generators due to a major fault, there will be power deficit; that is, the available power will be less than the required power [2]. Loss of the essential generator: Two main generators were running in parallel with the essential generator
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