Abstract
The viscosity evaluation in Plasma is extremely useful in the clinical evaluation of different diseases. A procedure is presented, based on Protonic Magnetic Resonance, for the evaluation of the dynamic viscosity in Blood Plasma and in hemoglobin solution from the determination of the transverse relaxation time (T2). To experimentally determine the T2 value, the impulse series Carr-Purcell-Meiboon-Gill was used in a MARAN DRX console (OXFORD INSTRUMENTS) and a homogeneous magnetic system (B0 = 0.095T). Values were obtained for the viscosity of the blood plasma and hemoglobin of 1.68 ± 0.12 mPas and 12.78 ± 3.55 mPas respectively, which agreed with the determined, in the same samples, using an Ostwald viscometer (1, 45 ± 0.06 mPas for the plasma and 12.82 ± 3.35 mPas for the dissolution of hemoglobin). The dynamic viscosity of the blood plasma was determined in 236 patients with Multiple Myeloma (2.19 ± 0.58 mPas), 142 with Drepanocytic Anemia (2.20 ± 0.79 mPas) showing statistically significant increases with respect to the characteristic values of the controls (1.68 ± 0.12mPas). Magnetic Relaxation is an option to evaluate plasma viscosity because it minimizes the volume of sample needed and eliminates the need to wash the viscometer between determinations. Magnetic Relaxation can compensate its relative high cost, compared with other Viscosimetry methods, facilitating other determinations of utility in several diseases.
Highlights
Hyperviscosity syndrome can occur associated with a variety of clinical diagnoses such as polycythemia, Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, multiple myeloma, leukemia, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, sickle cell anemia and ICTUS [1,2,3]
Where the units of T2 and η are ms and mPas respectivelyTable 1 shows the values of η in plasma samples and hemoglobin solution of control individuals measured using the Ostwald viscometer and the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) method based on the calibration made with plasma samples diluted with PBS
The student test supports the statistical coincidence between the average dynamic viscosity value determined with the Magnetic Resonance procedure that is presented and that determined with the reference procedure (Ostwald viscometer) for α = 0.10 (| TT | = 0.33267779≤t0 .95 = 1.47)
Summary
Hyperviscosity syndrome can occur associated with a variety of clinical diagnoses such as polycythemia, Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, multiple myeloma, leukemia, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, sickle cell anemia and ICTUS [1,2,3]. The viscosity of the blood plasma and the hemoglobin solution can be determined with capillary, Falling body or rotational viscometers [4] and the method recommended by the International Committee for standardization in hematology is the Harkness viscometer, which is an automated capillary type [5]. These viscometers require at least 2 ml of sample, which can reach 10 ml or more, and they need to be washed after each determination, which is an invasive, cumbersome and time-consuming process. Without a doubt, an option to solve these imponderables
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