Determination of Digoxin in Biological Samples and Medicinal Plants by Electrochemical and Chromatographic Methods

Abstract

AbstractIn this study, the nanocomposite with FeS2 nanoparticles and sulfur‐doped reduced graphene oxide (SRGO) were synthesized and characterized with appropriate spectroscopic, crystallographic and morphological methods. The FeS2‐SRGO nanocomposite was coated on a glass‐carbon (GC) electrode as working electrode for the electrochemical determination of digoxin. The method was linear in the range of 3–25 μgL−1 with the detection limit of the method is 0.54 μgL−1. The plant‘s active ingredient was extracted from Leonurus cardiac and Valeriana officinalis. Three important types of real samples including plants extracted and urine samples were selected to measure the amounts of digoxin. The electrochemical sensing results were evaluated by studying the amount of spiked recovery and statistical test with comparison to the high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method results and the accuracy and precision of the method for digoxin determination in real samples were confirmed. The results show the plant extracted contained a significant amount of digoxin. The presence of digoxin in valerian was investigated for the first time in this study.