Determination of concentration of selected heavy metals in the organs of Guinea pigs reared at the University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

Abstract

Vegetation along major traffic roads are predisposed to heavy metals contamination due to wear and tear of vehicular components and emissions from vehicles. The concentration of ten heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu, Ni, Cr, Co Ag and Cd) in the leaves of four test plants (Panicum maximum Jacq.,Eleusine indica L., Xanthosoma mafafa Schott. and Amaranthus spinosus L.) growing along four busy roads (Aba road, Ikwerre road, East/West road and NTA road) in parts of Obio/Akpor Local Government Area and a control ( in Ozuguru in Ikwerre Ngwo) in Etche Local Government Area, both in Rivers State, Nigeria were investigated in the study area. Along each road, four sampling points were set up at 1 km apart. The test plants were collected randomly and were pooled together to form composite sample. The collected test plants at each sample location were put in different sterile cellophane bags, labelled and served as soilage to the experimental animals. Eighteen guinea pigs were used for this investigation. Three guinea pigs were picked out of the eighteen guinea pigs using randomized block design for a preliminary test. The remaining fifteen guinea pigs were fed with the test plants from the experimental and control sites for six weeks. The concentration of the ten heavy metals were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (ASS). The results revealed that Aba road had the highest mean concentration value of heavy metals in Cu, Zn, Co, Cr and Cd with values (28.75±1.34), (32.46±0.9), (5.14±0.11), (4.79±0.21) and (3.17±0.12) respectively. The highest mean concentration value for Mn and Pb were observed in East/West road with values (7.57±1.48) and (5.39±1.53) respectively, while the highest mean concentration value for Fe was observed in Ikwerre road (192.84±2.64). NTA road had the least values for all heavy metals tested while Ni and Ag were not detected in all livers and kidneys of the experimental animals. The results from this findings show the health implication of roadside grazing of ruminants.