Abstract
Aim:The aim of this study is to determine serum ceruloplasmin levels in cows with endometritis of varying degrees of severity and to establish whether or not there is a correlation between acute phase protein (APP) levels and biochemical parameters.Material and Methods:The study was conducted with 100 Brown Swiss cows (3-8 years of age) on days 28-32 postpartum. Cows were divided into endometritis (mild, moderate, and severe endometriosis) and healthy groups based on ultrasonography, vaginoscopy, and cytological examination. Blood samples were collected from all cows. Levels of haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA), ceruloplasmin, albumin, and some biochemical parameters were analyzed.Results:Hp, SAA, and ceruloplasmin levels were higher in cows with endometritis than in healthy cows (p=0.001), and the levels of these APPs increased as endometritis became more severe (p=0.001). Some significant correlations were found between APPs and the biochemical parameters that were analyzed. In conclusion, it was determined that ceruloplasmin levels increase significantly in the presence of endometritis and proportionate to the severity of endometritis. A significant correlation was found between ceruloplasmin levels and Hp and SAA levels.Conclusion:It was concluded that ceruloplasmin levels can be used in the diagnosis of endometritis as an alternative to Hp and SAA levels.
Highlights
Acute phase proteins (APPs) are blood proteins synthesized by hepatocytes as part of the innate immune system’s response to various stimuli such as inflammation, trauma, and infection [1]
Hp, serum amyloid A (SAA), and ceruloplasmin levels were higher in cows with endometritis than in healthy cows (p=0.001), and the levels of these APPs increased as endometritis became more severe (p=0.001)
It was concluded that ceruloplasmin levels can be used in the diagnosis of endometritis as an alternative to Hp and SAA levels
Summary
Acute phase proteins (APPs) are blood proteins synthesized by hepatocytes as part of the innate immune system’s response to various stimuli such as inflammation, trauma, and infection [1]. The levels of positive APPs (haptoglobin [Hp], serum amyloid A [SAA], ceruloplasmin, C-reactive protein, etc.) increase in response to infection, whereas the production of negative APPs (prealbumin, albumin, transferrin, etc.) is suppressed [1,3]. The main APPs used to detect genital tract infections and to determine treatment efficacy are Hp, SAA, and albumin [5,6,7,8]. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/ publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated
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