Determination of carboxyhaemoglobin and methaemoglobin levels in donated blood

Alessandra Cristina Pupin Silvério,Vanessa Caroline Cardoso Silva,Isarita Martins,Simone Caetani Machado,Estéfane Rodrigues

doi:10.33448/rsd-v10i10.18859

Alessandra Cristina Pupin Silvério, Vanessa Caroline Cardoso Silva + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i10.18859

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Abstract

To determine the percentages of carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) and methaemoglobin (MeHb) in donor blood and to compare these levels between smokers and nonsmokers at different time points during blood storage. Blood donors were recruited from Haematology Service, University Hospital Alzira Velano, Alfenas-MG. The blood was kept in collecting ducts (noodles) containing citrate, phosphate and dextrose (CPD) and stored at 4°C throughout the storage period. Since the noodles kept the characteristics of the bags, COHb and MeHb levels were analysed on the day of donation and after 20 days of storage. Levels of COHb and MeHb were determined using spectrophotometric methods. Non-parametric Friedman and Mann-Whitney tests were employed to compare COHb and MeHb levels before and after the storage and groups of smokers and nonsmokers, respectively. Levels of COHb and MeHb in the blood collected from smokers and nonsmokers were statistically different (p< 0.05; Mann- Whitney test) when the samples were analyzed before the storage. In blood of smokers, COHb levels were no different over a 20-day storage period (p= 0.7009; Friedman test). On the other hand, MeHb levels were significant different over a 20-day storage period (p< 0.05). The results suggest the need to regularly assess COHb and MeHb levels in donor blood stored in blood banks.

Highlights

Tobacco smoking is an important etiologic factor in several potentially deadly diseases, including ischemic heart disease and cancer
Analysis of COHb was performed in triplicate and the median ± standard deviation (SD) was 10.1% ± 5.8 when the blood of smokers was analyzed after the collection
COHb level is an important indicator of the internal dose of carbon monoxide (CO) (Salles, 2013; Siqueira et al, 1997; Siqueira et al, 1999) to assess occupational and environmental exposure and is used to assess the risk posed by donor blood when performing blood transfusions

Summary

Introduction

Tobacco smoking is an important etiologic factor in several potentially deadly diseases, including ischemic heart disease and cancer. Toxic substances such as carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) and methaemoglobin (MeHb) are found at elevated levels in smokers, and these substances cause a blockade of O2 transport that can lead to ischemia, tissue necrosis and heart failure (Madany, 1992; Scaff et al, 2020). After the COHb adduct is formed, the ability to transport O2 from the blood decreases, causing tissue hypoxia. COHb is typically found in the blood at levels of 0.4% to 1.0%, but it reaches levels of up to 15% in smokers (Czogała et al, 2006; Spada et al, 2006)

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