Determination of blood group antigens using electrophoresis of erythrocytes incubated with specific antibodies

Abstract

There is a need for specific determination of blood group antigens on erythrocytes for improvement of the quality of hemotransfusion therapy. O, A, B, AB, and weak variants of A and B antigen (O washed erythrocytes with anti-A or anti-B antibody absorbing ability) were investigated for electrophoretic mobility with immunoglobulin G complement-dependent antibodies. The contact of anti-A heated serum and complement with A erythrocytes resulted in their decreased electrokinetic potential the contrary to the serum without anti-A and anti-B antibodies and increased after addition of the serum from O blood group person with anti-A and anti-B absorbing ability. Anti-B heated serum with complement decreased electrokinetic potential of B erythrocytes. Whereas both anti-A heated serum and serum from AB person with complement did not decrease the electrokinetic potential of O erythrocytes. Anti-B heated serum, in the same manner, decreased the electrokinetic potential of O blood group erythrocytes with anti-B absorbing ability. Anti-А immunoglobulin G complement-dependent antibodies decreased the electrokinetic potential of washed O erythrocytes with аnti-A absorbing ability contrary to immunoglobulin M antibodies. Evaluation of the electrokinetic potential of erythrocytes with a set of immunoglobulin G complement-dependent antibodies might be considered for blood group type detection.