Abstract
The production of β-amylase is of great importance in two-rowed spring barley cv. Kymppi (Hordeum vulgare L.) in the Finland, where long-day conditions favour high enzyme activities. Nitrogen (N) fertilization of a crop is the main means of manipulating barley β-amylase activity for industrial purposes. In this study, leaf chlorophyll content determined with a portable chlorophyll meter (Minolta SPAD-502) in the field, was used to predict N availability of cv. Kymppi for β-amylase production. Critical chlorophyll meter readings (SPAD values) were calculated from data deriving from experiments with various N fertilizer levels using the Cate-Nelson procedure. According to the results of this study it can be stated that the critical SPAD values at pollination (i.e. pollen grains on well-developed stigmatic hairs, GS 52-58) are 37 SPAD units for grain yield and 41 SPAD units for β-amylase activity. The optimum grain yield occurred at 41 SPAD units and optimum P-amylase activity was reached at 45 SPAD units. Determination of leaf chlorophyll content using the chlorophyll meter led to more appropriate fertilizer application recommendations and subsequently increased β-amylase activity in grains. Grain protein concentration could be an effective diagnostic tool for post-harvest evaluation of grain β-amylase activity in cv. Kymppi.
Highlights
Jari Peltonen and Ari Virtanen Plant Production Inspection Centre, Seed Testing Department, P.O
The optimum grain yield occurred at 41 SPAD units and optimum P-amylase activity was reached at 45 SPAD units
Helenius (1992) indicated that increases in grain protein concentration led to increased P-amylase activity in grain, p-amylase activity differed among barley varieties: two-rowed Kymppi had - and Peltonen, J. el aL: Determination ofbarley nitrogen status with chlorophyll meter for high ffamylase in grains still has - the highest
Summary
Jari Peltonen and Ari Virtanen Plant Production Inspection Centre, Seed Testing Department, P.O. Nitrogen (N) fertilization of a crop is the main means of manipulating barley P-amylase activity for industrial purposes. Determination of leaf chlorophyll content using the chlorophyll meter led to more appropriate fertilizer application recommendations and subsequently increased P-amylase activity in grains. P-amylase is an important barley (Hordeum vulgäre L.) protein, determining the technical quality of starch used for various industrial processes in Finland (Helenius 1992). Helenius (1992) indicated that increases in grain protein concentration led to increased P-amylase activity in grain, p-amylase activity differed among barley varieties: two-rowed Kymppi had - and Peltonen, J. el aL: Determination ofbarley nitrogen status with chlorophyll meter for high ffamylase in grains still has - the highest Peltonen et al (1995) showed that leaf chlorophyll content, determined in the field with a portable Minolta SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter
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