Determination of aldicarb, aldicarb sulfoxide and aldicarb sulfone in tobacco using high-performance liquid chromatography with dual post-column reaction and fluorescence detection

Abstract

A screening method for the determination of aldicarb (AS) and its sulfoxide (ASX) and sulfone (ASN) metabolites in tobacco at low ppm levels is described. Tobacco samples are extracted using methanol with the aid of sonication at ambient conditions. The extract is filtered and then injected into a high-performance liquid chromatograph equipped with a dual post-column reaction system and a fluorescence detector. Chromatographic separation is performed on a C 18 column with a mixture of methanol-acetonitrile-water containing 0.1% of triethanolamine as the mobile phase. Triethanolamine is added to improve peak shape of AS residues and to reduce the undesired interaction between residual silanols and interferences, mainly amino acids and other amines. The average recoveries for AS residues spiked in tobacco are higher than 95% for AS, 91% for ASN and 85% for ASX at levels of 0.5–10 ppm (w/w). The detection limit is 0.5 ppm for each of the target compounds.