Determination of acrylamide in roasted chestnuts and chestnut-based foods by isotope dilution HPLC-MS/MS

Abstract

A collaboratively trial tested isotope dilution liquid chromatographic method with positive electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of acrylamide in bakery ware and potato products has been extended to the determination of acrylamide in roasted chestnuts and chestnut-based foods. As chestnuts have a similar composition to potatoes, considerable amounts of acrylamide can be expected, especially in roasted chestnut products. This paper presents the concentrations of acrylamide in 31 different chestnut samples (fresh, roasted, flour, cooked, glazed) that were collected in nine European countries during 2005/2006. The influence of the roasting time on the acrylamide content was also experimentally investigated. A test portion was extracted after homogenisation with water and isotopically labelled acrylamide was added. The extract was centrifuged and the supernatant was cleaned-up in two consecutive solid phase extraction steps. The final extract was analysed by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). An HPLC column based on graphitised carbon was applied for chromatographic separation. Acrylamide concentrations in purchased roasted chestnuts were in the range of <8–1278 μg/kg whereas only low amounts (<4–159 μg/kg) were found in chestnut products. However, the median acrylamide content of the commercial roasted chestnut samples was 90 μg/kg. The influence of the roasting time on the acrylamide content in roasted chestnuts was evaluated too. As with roasted and fried potato products, the roasting time has a significant influence on the acrylamide formation. Therefore, the consumers might be exposed to significant amounts of acrylamide by eating roasted chestnuts, especially when a batch remains in the roasting vessel for too long time.