DETERMINATION HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY FOR TRAITS YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN THE FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA L.)

Abstract

Study was conducted genotypes of faba bean half diallel crosses were done in winter season 2016. All genotypes (parents and hybrids) were planted in winter season 2017, in one of the agricultural fields in the Al-Sufiya region at latitude 33.28? north and longitude 43.33? east of Anbar province, using R.C.B.D. design with three replicates. Studied traits were pod length, number of pods per plant ,number of seeds per pod, seeds100 weight and seed yield. Results showed significant differences between the mean of parents and the mean of their hybrids for all studied traits. The parent (Spanish) was superior and had the highest mean of the pod length 16.610 cm, number of pod plant 15.493 pod plant-1, number of seeds pod 5.873 seed pod-1 and seed yield 124.110 g plant-1. While the parent (Dutch) recorded the highest mean for trait seed100bweight reached 142.580g. As for the means of the hybrids, hybrids (Spanish×Dutch) showed the highest mean significant for traits the pod length 24.120 cm, number of pod plant 20.420 pod plant-1 and the seed yield 212.330 g.plant-1. While the hybrid (Iraqi×Italian) gave the highest significant mean of the number of seeds pod 6.267 seed pod-1 and non-significantly from the hybrid (Spanish×Dutch). Hybrids (Iraqi×Turkish) showed the highest mean for trait seeds100 weight 176.340 g. Hybrid (Turkish×American) was superior and had the highest value of heterosis in number of pods plant 39.560%. While hybrid (Iraqi×Italian) recorded the highest value of the heterosis number of seeds pod reached 69.83% , The highest value of the heterosis in two trait seed100 weighed and seed yield was by the hybrid (Iraqi×Turkish) gave 30.820% and 78.238% sequentially. And that the variance components of the general ability to the specific ability components were less than one for all traits. This indicates the type of gene action for dominance genes in the control of the heritability of these traits.