Determination and risk assessment of heavy metals in air dust fall particles

Amir Javid,Seyed Mojtaba Momtaz,Hakimeh Mahdizadeh,Mahdieh Azizian,Neda Javid,Alireza Nasiri

doi:10.34172/ehem.2021.36

Abstract

Background: Urban and industrial development has increased the concentration of heavy metals in various environments, and also, increased their amount in dust fall particles. The aim of this study was to determine and assess the risk of heavy metals in air dust fall particles. Methods: Sampling of air dust fall particles was performed using the British model Dust Fall Jar devices. Heavy metals concentrations in the samples were determined using an atomic absorption spectrometer device. Then, the risk assessment of heavy metals in air dust fall was calculated by three indicators including enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), and integrated pollution index (IPI). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Excel 2016 software. Results: Zn was the most abundant heavy metal. The results of EF index showed that the highest degree of enrichment of dust fall particles with heavy metals is related to Ag and the lowest one is related to Cr. Also, the changes of Mean of both Igeo and IP indicators were as Ag > Pb > Zn > Cd > Cu > Co > Cr. Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that Cr metal is originated from the earth and other metals are of man-made origin and are mainly due to the emissions of vehicles and industries. Also, on average, the samples had very low pollution in relation to all metals. Although the amount of pollution caused by heavy metals has not exceeded the allowable limits, but considering industrial development programs in the region, continuous measures to control air pollution caused by industries, are absolutely necessary.

Highlights

Dust is a regional and international problem, and one of the most important environmental disasters
Dust particles are an important cause of urban environmental pollution, which consists of soil, air particles, building materials, soot from industries and vehicles, heavy metals, etc., and many studies have shown that dust particles have a high ability to carry heavy metals [2,3]
The results showed that the values of Igeo index for all heavy metals measured except Cr (Igeo = 0), in all samples were as 0 < Igeo < 1 and the highest value of this index was related to Ag and Pb

Summary

Introduction

Dust is a regional and international problem, and one of the most important environmental disasters. The presence of heavy metals in the air or in the dust present in the air increases the concentration of these elements in the body of residents of contaminated areas through ingestion, respiration and skin absorption [8,9] These dust fall particles in addition to polluting the air, are concentrated in the soil after reaching the ground level, and the contaminated soils are considered as secondary environmental hazards in two ways: contamination of grains and vegetables and groundwater contamination by. Urban and industrial development has increased the concentration of heavy metals in various environments, and increased their amount in dust fall particles. The aim of this study was to determine and assess the risk of heavy metals in air dust fall particles. Determination and risk assessment of heavy metals in air dust fall particles.

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion