Abstract
Background Undernutrition and tuberculosis are the major concerns of underdeveloped regions of the world. Tuberculosis makes undernutrition worse and undernutrition weakens immunity, thereby increasing the likelihood that latent tuberculosis will develop into active disease. Nevertheless, little has been understood about undernutrition among patients with infectious disease like tuberculosis in Ethiopia. This study was conducted to determine the magnitude of undernutrition and its determinants among tuberculosis patients in Shashemane public health institutions, Southern Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in two public hospitals and ten health centers of Shashemane Town from March 12, to April 12, 2017, among 368 adult tuberculosis patients on treatment follow-up. Sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics and anthropometric data were collected. Data were entered into EpiData version 3.3 computer software and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Bivariable logistic regression analyses were done to assess the association between outcome variable at bivariate analysis, and multivariable logistic regression model was used to assess factors that were independently associated with undernutrition. Odds ratios along with 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated to measure the strength of the association, and level of statistical significance was declared at P value ≤0.05. Result The overall magnitude of undernutrition among adult tuberculosis patients in this study was 28.8% (95% CI = 0.25–0.34). Patients in the age group of forty-five and above ((AOR = 3.39, 95% CI = (1.6–7.18)), residents in rural area ((AOR = 1.95, 95% CI = (1.07–3.54)), those with problem with eating ((AOR = 2.361, 95% CI = (1.332–4.185)), and those who are not on food supplementation ((AOR = 2.21, 95% CI = (1.06–4.58)) were significantly at higher risk of undernutrition. Conclusion The magnitude of undernutrition in the study setting was found to be significantly higher. Age greater than forty-five, living in rural area, and lack of nutritional care and support were identified as the factors associated with undernutrition. Thus, relevant actors should give attention to fast nutritional intervention together with standard therapeutic regimen in the management of pulmonary tuberculosis patients to curb their nutritional derangement.
Highlights
Undernutrition and tuberculosis are the major concerns of underdeveloped regions of the world
Undernutrition is a major public health issue in developing countries, including Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) [1]. It can be caused by an illness that impairs nutrient intake and metabolism, or it can be caused by an insufficient intake of macronutrients, micronutrients, or both [1, 2]
Undernutrition increases the risk of TB and in turn TB could lead to undernutrition [3] and makes people more susceptible to the development of active TB, which in turn contributes to the development of undernutrition. is vicious circle can impact individuals and can transfer to their families and their communities [3]
Summary
Undernutrition and tuberculosis are the major concerns of underdeveloped regions of the world. Is study was conducted to determine the magnitude of undernutrition and its determinants among tuberculosis patients in Shashemane public health institutions, Southern Ethiopia. Undernutrition is a major public health issue in developing countries, including Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) [1]. It can be caused by an illness that impairs nutrient intake and metabolism, or it can be caused by an insufficient intake of macronutrients, micronutrients, or both [1, 2]. Undernutrition and tuberculosis (TB) are key global health issues of considerable magnitude in most of the Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism underdeveloped regions of the world. TB makes undernutrition worse and undernutrition weakens immunity, thereby increasing the likelihood that latent TB will be developed into active disease [4]
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