Determinants of Tourists Arrivals in The East Coast Peninsular Malaysia: An Exploratory Factor Analysis

Hazrin Izwan Che Haron@Shafiee ,Ahmad Shukri Yazid,Juliana Arifin

doi:10.6007/ijarbss/v11-i7/10162

Hazrin Izwan Che Haron@Shafiee , Ahmad Shukri Yazid + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v11-i7/10162

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Abstract

The east coast peninsular Malaysia is richly endowed with beautiful ambiance of folk arts and has various cultures and unique art inherited for ages. However, number of domestic and international tourist that visit to Terengganu, Pahang and Kelantan is not encouraging where a percentage drop of tourist arrivals has been recorded. Hence, this study focuses on the determinant factors that attract tourists’ arrivals in the East Coast Peninsular Malaysia and the objective is to investigate the relationship between determinant factors which are facilities and infrastructures, strategies, cultures and policies that influence the tourist arrivals to the east coast peninsular Malaysia. The instrument was pretested using questionnaires that have been adapted from several scholars. The questionnaires for the pilot study was organized into 6 sections and conducted towards hundred (100) respondents, which are tourists that travel and accommodate themselves in hotels at Kuala Terengganu. In contrast, the major discussion in this article is focusing on analysing data using exploratory factor analysis. The process started with the evaluation of data, factor extraction and retention method, selection of rotational method and labelling and naming the factor. An empirical verification of the validity and reliability of the survey questionnaire was developed. Exploratory Factor Analysis highlights the summarization of all 22 item-analysis output. The result from reliability test indicates an affirmative result where the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient is 0.932 which highlights the quality and consistency of the questionnaire’s items. Moreover, the sampling is proven adequate as shown in KMO and Bartlett test and the scree plot revealed 4 factors which are consistent with the number of variables in theoretical framework. The Rotated Component Matrix shows that all five factor components matrix items scored above 0.50 and there is no item deleted. These results proven that this study’s instruments are valid for data collection process and able to be continued with the Confirmatory Factor Analysis.

Highlights

Terengganu, Kelantan and Pahang are states located in the eastern part of the peninsular Malaysia
The data has achieved its normality and appropriate for factor analysis
Five which are; tourist arrivals, facilities and infrastructures, strategies, cultures and policies components have been identify as a valid construct for analysis

Summary

Introduction

Terengganu, Kelantan and Pahang are states located in the eastern part of the peninsular Malaysia. These states share several things in common such as vast lands located on long wide sandy beaches and tourists’ islands (Hassan, 2009). Pahang is considered as the successful and achieve high growth of tourism development with second largest supplier of hotel rooms in Malaysia (Hassan, 2009). Pahang has recorded decrement of Singaporean tourists’ arrival in 2013 (Bernama, 2014) and correspondingly, Ching et al (2011) stated that the tourism player complained on tourist’s declination especially the foreign tourists in state’s coastal areas. Same scenario was experienced in Kelantan where number of foreign tourists’ staying at hotel has dropped into 60,588 people in 2012 ( Sobihah et al, 2014)

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Results

Conclusion