Abstract
The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) confirmed that intensive glucose control reduced the risk of diabetic mellitus retinopathy (DMR) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) development by 76% and 34% and 44%, respectively, compared with standard treatment [1]. However, the subsequent analyses by DCCT/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications study group raised the issue that total glycemic exposure (glycosylated hemoglobin [HbA1c] and duration of diabetes) explains only about 11% of the variation in retinopathy risk [2]; therefore, other factors might be responsible for the remaining 89% of the variation in risk among subjects independently of HbA1c.
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