Abstract
Introduction Every year worldwide, between five to six million deaths are associated with stroke; on average, one stroke-related death occurs every four minutes. In Ethiopia, stroke is a frequent cause of mortality and morbidity from noncommunicable diseases. Therefore, this study was aimed at determining factors associated to stroke mortality through survival models in Mettu Karl Referral Hospital. Methods This study was conducted from September 1, 2014, to April 1, 2017, and encompassed 202 stroke patients at Mettu Karl Referral Hospital. The Cox semiparametric regression was used for analyzing survival analysis of stroke patients using R software. Results A total of 202 stroke patients were included in the study, and among those patients, 72.8% and 27.2% were censored and died, respectively. According to the result of Cox semiparametric regression model, sex of patients, hypertension, baseline complication, and stroke type had significant effect on survival of the stroke patient at 5% significance level. Conclusion The results from Cox semiparametric regression model indicated that sex of patients, hypertension, baseline complication, and stroke type were major factors related to the survival time of stroke patients. The researcher recommends that the people should be aware on the burden of those risk factors and well informed about the disease.
Highlights
IntroductionBetween five to six million deaths are associated with stroke; on average, one stroke-related death occurs every four minutes
Every year worldwide, between five to six million deaths are associated with stroke; on average, one stroke-related death occurs every four minutes
Ti≤t ni t i ≤t ni where t1, t2, ⋯, tn a set of survival time of n independent observations and tð1Þ ≤ tð2Þ≤⋯≤tðmÞ, m ≤ n is the survival time of the m distinct ordered death times; di is the number of individuals who failed at time ti; and ni is the number of individuals who are at risk of dying at time ti
Summary
Between five to six million deaths are associated with stroke; on average, one stroke-related death occurs every four minutes. This study was aimed at determining factors associated to stroke mortality through survival models in Mettu Karl Referral Hospital. According to the result of Cox semiparametric regression model, sex of patients, hypertension, baseline complication, and stroke type had significant effect on survival of the stroke patient at 5% significance level. The results from Cox semiparametric regression model indicated that sex of patients, hypertension, baseline complication, and stroke type were major factors related to the survival time of stroke patients. The study conducted in south western Saudi Arabia showed that prestroke smoking, prestroke hypertension, poststroke disturbed consciousness poor mobility, and developing pulmonary embolism as significant predictors of in-hospital stroke mortality [2]. The burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCD), including cardiovascular risk factors, is increasing. The incidence of stroke, a cardinal complication of cardiovascular risk factors, appears to be rising in Africa [4]
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