Abstract
This study analyzes the effect of socio-economic and demographic characteristics on poverty levels in Aceh Province in the short and long run. Socio-economic characteristics are represented by factors of income per capita, open unemployment rate, and cigarette consumption. While the demographic characteristics are represented by the dependency ratio factor. This study uses panel data from 23 districts/cities in Aceh Province for the 2010-2019 period and the analysis model used is the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) panel model. The results found in this study are the dependency ratio factor, cigarette consumption, and the open unemployment rate have a significant effect in the long run on the percentage of poor people. Meanwhile, the significant factors in the short run are the dependency ratio and the open unemployment rate.
Highlights
Poverty is a complex and multidimensional problem, where poverty is closely related to social, economic, cultural, political and other aspects (Warr, 2005; Pusra et al, 2021; Maulana et al, 2020)
The Central Statistics Agency defines poverty as a deprived living condition experienced by someone who has a per capita expenditure for a month that is not sufficient to meet the minimum standard of living needs (Yunus, 2019)
Aceh Province ranks 6th out of 34 provinces with the highest percentage of poverty rates at 15.01 percent or around 809.76 thousand people.The high rate of poverty will have an impact on the inability of the community to access education, health, and decent living conditions so that in the long run it results in the low quality of Human Resources (HR) and hinders development
Summary
Poverty is a complex and multidimensional problem, where poverty is closely related to social, economic, cultural, political and other aspects (Warr, 2005; Pusra et al, 2021; Maulana et al, 2020). ) and by 2030 reduce at least half of the number of poor people (men, women and children of all ages) based on national definitions (SDGs Indonesia). Based on BPS data, the percentage of poor people in Indonesia in 2019 (September conditions) was 9.22 percent or around 24.78 million people. From this value, Aceh Province ranks 6th out of 34 provinces with the highest percentage of poverty rates at 15.01 percent or around 809.76 thousand people.The high rate of poverty will have an impact on the inability of the community to access education, health, and decent living conditions so that in the long run it results in the low quality of Human Resources (HR) and hinders development. The poverty condition of a country or region is a reflection of the level of welfare of the population living in that country or region (Dewi et al, 2018)
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