Abstract
Despite the increasing incidence of Prostate cancer, there has not been any focused screening policy or strategy in sub-Saharan Africa including Nigeria. To assess the level of awareness and uptake of PSA screening test and their determinants in a Nigerian community. A cross-sectional population survey of men with no prior history of prostate cancer was carried out. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the effect of identified variables in predicting awareness and uptake of prostate cancer screening. Mean age was 51.5±9.8 years; a few men (31, 16.9%) had ever heard of the screening test and most got the information from health centers. A low proportion (8, 4.4%) had taken the screening test. Men with incomes above poverty line (OR = 11.7 2.8-50.1, p = .001) or those with health insurance (OR = 2.7 1.2-6.5, p = .023) were significantly more likely to be aware of the test. Only the men with higher incomes (OR = 25.6 5.8-114.2, p = .0001) were significantly more likely to have taken the test. Higher incomes and health insurance status impact screening awareness but only income status determines if men subsequently proceed to take the PSA screening test.
Highlights
IntroductionAfrican Health Sciences ca.[5] A probable consequence of this challenge to cancer care and control is the very high incidence of late presentations with advanced disease and a high mortality from the disease.[5,6,7] Generally, it is thought that the low uptake of cancer screening opportunities may be related to barriers to accessing health care and weak health systems in most parts of sub-Saharan Africa.[5,8] Prostate cancer (PCa) remains the most commonly diagnosed male cancer in Nigerian men and the vast majority of presentations are at late incurable stage.[9,10] There is an urgent need to evaluate the specific determinants of low awareness and poor uptake of PCa screening (PSA test)
Over the last four decades, the incidence of Prostate cancer (PCa) has been observed to be increasing in sub-Saharan African Black men.[1,2,3] Despite this, there has not been any focused PCa screening or control policy / strategy in many of the sub-Saharan countries including Nigeria.[3,4] prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening tests are increasingly available in many urology clinics thoughAfrican Health Sciences ca.[5]
For men who had heard of PSA screening, the main source of the health information was from health centers (17, 54.8%); others got the information from newspapers (3,9.7%), online (5, 16.1%) and other mass media sources (6, 19.4%)
Summary
African Health Sciences ca.[5] A probable consequence of this challenge to cancer care and control is the very high incidence of late presentations with advanced disease and a high mortality from the disease.[5,6,7] Generally, it is thought that the low uptake of cancer screening opportunities may be related to barriers to accessing health care and weak health systems in most parts of sub-Saharan Africa.[5,8] PCa remains the most commonly diagnosed male cancer in Nigerian men and the vast majority of presentations are at late incurable stage.[9,10] There is an urgent need to evaluate the specific determinants of low awareness and poor uptake of PCa screening (PSA test). Afri Health Sci. 2019;19(1). 1665-1670. https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ ahs. v19i1.42
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