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Abstract
BackgroundLow birth weight is weight less than 2500 g or 5.5 lb. at birth. Globally, more than 20 million infants (15-20%) are born with a low birth weight each year. Birth weight is the primary indicator of the health status of neonates and is the primary factor that determines the infant’s physical, survival, and mental growth. Thus, the study aimed to investigate the determinants of low birth weight among newborn babies delivered at Tirunesh Beijing General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodsWe performed a facility-based unmatched case-control study among 453 (151 cases and 302 controls) deliveries conducted at Tirunesh Beijing General Hospital. Birth records and maternal antenatal care (ANC) files were reviewed from March 1 to April 30, 2019. Consecutive sampling was employed to select study participants. Data were entered into Epi-data version 4.2.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 25 statistical software. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were computed to identify independent determinants of low birth weight. A p-value of ≤0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.ResultFour hundred fifty-three birth records of babies (151 cases and 302 controls) were reviewed. Women who reside in rural area [AOR (CI) = 3.12 (1.63-5.98)], being merchant [(AOR (CI) = 2.90 (1.03-8.22)], danger sign during pregnancy [(AOR (CI) = 4.14 (1.68-10.2)], and maternal weight during pregnancy [(AOR (CI) = 4.94 (3.26-7.52)] were found to be a significant determinants of low birth weight.ConclusionResidence, occupation, danger signs, and maternal weight during pregnancy were significant determinants of low birth weight. Socioeconomic development, early detection and management of complications, and encouraging nutrition and weight during pregnancy are crucial for minimizing the risk of delivering low birth weight babies.
Highlights
Low birth weight is weight less than 2500 g or 5.5 lb. at birth
Socioeconomic development, early detection and management of complications, and encouraging nutrition and weight during pregnancy are crucial for minimizing the risk of delivering low birth weight babies
Period, and design A facility-based unmatched case-control study was conducted in Tirunesh Beijing General Hospital, Addis Ababa, from March 1 to April 30, 2019
Summary
Low birth weight is weight less than 2500 g or 5.5 lb. More than 20 million infants (1520%) are born with a low birth weight each year. The study aimed to investigate the determinants of low birth weight among newborn babies delivered at Tirunesh Beijing General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. World Health Organization (WHO) defines low birth weight (LBW) as the weight of a newborn baby below 2500 g at birth regardless of the gestational age. Every year more than 20 million babies are born weighing below 2500 g This figure accounts for 17% of total birth in low-income countries, a rate more than twofold that of developed countries (7%) [2]. A cross-sectional study in Ethiopia revealed a 12.5% prevalence of low birth weight in Butajira [5] and 15.8% in Wolaita Sodo [6]
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