Abstract
BackgroundLife satisfaction (LS) and self-rated health (SRH) are related with health outcomes. It is expected that these items are also related to healthy behaviors. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to find out the main determinants of LS and SRH in nationwide representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents.MethodsThis study was performed on 13,834 students aged 7–18 years who were selected by multistage, stratified cluster sampling method from 30 provinces of Iran. Life satisfaction and SRH were assessed through a questionnaire based on World Health Organization-Global School-based Student Health Survey protocols. Path analysis was applied to evaluate the relationships among the study variables using the structural modeling.ResultsLife satisfaction was directly affected by age (− 0.037 in boys & -0.028 in girls); sedentary time (0.055 in boys & 0.048 in girls); school satisfaction (0.249 in boys & 0.250 in girls); and well-being (0.186 in boys & 0.176 in girls). Self-rated health was directly affected by LS (0.28 in boys & girls) and school satisfaction (0.21 in boys & 0.22 in girls); and indirectly affected by age (− 0.046 in boys & -0.017 in girls); sedentary time (− 1.99 in boys & -0.145 in girls); family size (− 0.005 in boys & -0.014 in girls); and socio-economic status (0.015 in boys & 0.058 in girls).ConclusionsThis study indicated that school satisfaction had the greatest positive direct effect on both LS and SRH.
Highlights
Childhood and adolescence are considered to be a life phase in which future health patterns for adulthood are being initiated
There were no significant differences in age, Socioeconomic status (SES), anthropometric indices, Sedentary time (ST), school satisfaction, sleep duration, wellbeing, self-rated health (SRH) and Life satisfaction (LS) between boys and girls
SRH was positively correlated with age (r = 0.029 for boys and r = 0.63 for girls), school satisfaction (r = 0.312 for boys and r = 0.326 for girls), and social contact (r = 0.034 for boys and r = 0.044 for girls), but negatively correlated with LS (r = − 0.367 for boys and r = − 0.370 for girls), physical activity (r = − 0.057 for boys and r = − 0.070 for girls), sedentary time (r = − 0.034 for boys and r = − 0.035 for girls), and sleep duration (r = − 0.097 for boys and r = − 0.123 for girls)
Summary
Childhood and adolescence are considered to be a life phase in which future health patterns for adulthood are being initiated. It is characterized as a period of relatively good physical and mental health, high life satisfaction, and low mortality. During this developmental outlook, low life satisfaction and bad health condition can have a diverse effect on the improvement of developmental challenges related to adolescence. This study was conducted in order to find out the main determinants of LS and SRH in nationwide representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents
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