Determinants of Internal-Migration in Ethiopia: Qualitative Review

Andualem Kassegn

doi:10.7176/dcs10-9-03

Abstract

Internal migration is a critical problem in Ethiopia. This review focused on determinants of internal migration in Ethiopia. Therefore, the objective of this review was to assess determinants of internal migration in Ethiopia. The review used secondary data sources from research articles and reports from different researchers and organizations who have written on the determinants of internal migration and related topic in Ethiopia and elsewhere. Depending on the reviewed document, the most significant determinants of internal migration in Ethiopia are encapsulating with household and individual demographic, socio-economic and structural and institutional factors. Besides, food insecurity, environmental degradation, lower agricultural productivity, demographic pressure, famine, unemployment, conflicts, drought, poor living conditions, inadequate social services, land shortages in rural areas were identified as the major push factors of internal migration in Ethiopia. Although “push” factors predominate, there are some significant “pull” factors that attract rural people to traffic urban areas such as better employment opportunities, higher incomes, better healthcare and education, urban facilities and way of life, security, and other urban amenities. So, further investigations should be conducted by governmental and non-governmental institutions to suggest possible solutions by focusing on the above aforementioned significant variables that affect internal migration in Ethiopia. Keywords: Internal migration, Determinants, push and pull factors, Ethiopia. DOI: 10.7176/DCS10-9-03 Publication date: September 30 th 2020

Highlights

Migration whether national or international has become an important livelihood strategy among households in Ethiopia
The IDMC (2009b) guesses that there are as of 300,000 Internally Displaced people groups (IDPs) in Ethiopia contrasted with around 60,000 refugees that as of live in different nations (UNCHR, 2009)
This paper seeks out to review the determinants of internal migration in Ethiopia through a qualitative approach

Summary

Introduction

Migration whether national or international has become an important livelihood strategy among households in Ethiopia. This is because it provides migrant households with transfers that are uncorrelated with agricultural income (World Bank, 2006). The IDMC (2009b) guesses that there are as of 300,000 Internally Displaced people groups (IDPs) in Ethiopia contrasted with around 60,000 refugees that as of live in different nations (UNCHR, 2009). Aside from the IDPs, the essential internal migration flows are rural-urban migration and rural-rural migration. A similar report uncovered that a significantly higher number of migrants, around 740 million, are occupied with intra-relocation (moved inside their nations), primarily from rural to urban areas or from one rural area to another

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