Determinants of Immunization Completeness of Infant in Karanganyar, District, Central Java

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Indonesia launched the Expanded Program for Immunization (EPI) in 1977. However, immunization coverage remains far below the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization (WHO) target of 80%. The purpose of this study was to investigate determinants of immunization completeness of infant in Karanganyar, District, Central Java. Subjects and Method: A cross sectional study was carried out at 21 community health centers in Karanganyar, Central Java, from January to March 2020. A sample of 200 mothers who had children adged 12-23 months was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was immunization completeness. The independent variables were intention, attitude, subjective norm, perceived barrier, perceived benefit education, and knowledge. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis run on Stata 13. Results: Infant immunization completeness was directly increased by high perceived benefit (b= 2.98; 95% CI= 1.50 to 4.47; p<0.001), positive attitude (b= 3.12; 95% CI= 1.58 to 4.66; p<0.001), strong intention (b= 3.55; 95% CI= 1.98 to 5.12; p<0.001), and supportive subjective norm (b= 2.95; 95% CI= 1.48 to 4.42; p<0.001). Infant immunization completeness was directly decreased by high perceived barrier (b= -2.01; 95% CI= -3.20 to -0.81; p= 0.001). It was indirectly affected by education and knowledge. Conclusion: Infant immunization completeness is directly increased by high perceived benefit, positive attitude, strong intention, and supportive subjective norm. Infant immunization completeness is directly decreased by high perceived barrier. It is indirectly affected by education and knowledge. Keywords: immunization, completeness, health belied model, path analysis Correspondence: Maharani Ulfah. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: maharaniulfahh@gmail.com. Mobile: +628213558003557. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.115