Determinants of Household Food Security in Tamalate District Makassar City

Abstract

This study examines the food security dynamics among farmer and non-farmer households in Barombong Village, Tamalate District, Makassar City, focusing on determinants that influence household food security. Employing purposive sampling, 40 respondents were selected, and multiple linear regression alongside quantitative descriptive statistics were utilized for analysis. Results indicate significant disparities in food and non-food expenditures between the two groups. While both had high expenditures on side dishes, cigarettes, and rice, farmer households additionally faced significant costs for education, celebration donations, and fuel oil, compared to non-farmer households’ education, electricity, and fuel expenses. Food expenditure constituted 72% of farmer household budgets, whereas it was 65.26% for non-farmer households. Strikingly, only 10% of farmer households were food-secure, compared to 40% of non-farmer households. Crucially, household food security was notably influenced by income, family size, formal education, and sugar prices. Higher income and educational levels correlated with increased food security, while larger families and elevated sugar prices were linked to diminished food security. This research underscores the paradoxical vulnerability of farmer households in food security issues and stresses the need for targeted agricultural and social interventions in the region.