Determinants of Food Security status in Rural Households in Mojaena Wodera Woreda, Ethiopia

Ayele Admasu

doi:10.11648/j.ajtas.20190802.13

Abstract

The main objective of this study was to assess household food security status and its major determinants in the rural households of Mojaena Wodera Woreda, Ethiopia. A systematic random sampling method was employed to select the sample from study area. The study period was from September 2017 to September 2018. The recommended daily calorie requirement was used to determine the household food security status. To analyze the data descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis and both Classical logistic regression and Bayesian logistic regression analyses were used. The descriptive analysis of the study revealed that only 37.6% of the sample households were food secured and 62.4% of households were food insecured which was felt short of the 2100kcal per day per person that was national recommended calorie requirements. Based on Hosmer and Lemeshow test the chi-square value and significance value shows that Classical logistic model is quite a good fit. In addition to this, the classification results revealed that 81.3% of the households were correctly predicted Using both Classical and Bayesian logistic regression analysis, eight out of twenty-one predictor variables were selected as major determinants of household food security status. These significant variables were age, marital status, farm land size, land fertility, annual yield, improved seed use, having oxen and family size of household head. Government and the woreda agricultural office should provide cultivable and more fertile farm land, improved seed and support oxen to the farming households at affordable prices to be able to increase farmland size and total annual yield or food production.

Highlights

Background of the study Food insecurity is one of the most bedeviling issues and among the most challenging socio-economic problems for many countries in the world today, the developing economies [1]
Classical Logistic Regression Model The model for logistic regression analysis assumes that the dependent variable is categorical.The dependent variable was household food security status; the household head with food secured (1) and household head with food insecured (0).The model given in (1) is logistic regression model
This section reports the descriptive results of the relationship between household food security status and its determinants

Summary

Introduction

Background of the study Food insecurity is one of the most bedeviling issues and among the most challenging socio-economic problems for many countries in the world today, the developing economies [1]. Food insecurity status is increasing from time to time. According to recent estimates of FAO over 870 million people are chronically malnourished and food insecure around the world [2]. Even though considerable efforts were made to reduce food insecurity, the number of people suffering from malnutrition and hunger remains unacceptably high. The vast majority, over 850 million people, are estimated to be undernourished. The problem of food insecurity is caused by insufficient supply of food, and due to the lack of purchasing power and access at national and household levels. The predominance of rain-fed agriculture in much of the developing world especially in sub-

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Results

Conclusion